H2020
Europeo
ExpectedOutcome:In order to ramp up renewable hydrogen production in the future, a suitable portfolio of diverse technologies is needed to serve the expected growing demand for different applications and markets. Since hydrogen technologies will be deployed on a broad range of markets and scales, abundant and cheap renewable energy resources need to be used. Solar energy has by far the highest potential of all options. In this context, solar thermochemical cycles may contribute to complement the electrochemical solar hydrogen production. Proposals under this topic aim to bring thermochemical cycles to the next stage of maturity.
Project results are expected to contribute to all of the following expected outcomes:
Diversify the portfolio of technologies for the generation of renewable hydrogen;Mitigate mid-to-long term risks of renewable hydrogen availability shortage through diversifying the technology options;Enable solar thermochemical cycles as a viable and competitive hydrogen production technology;Foster awareness and acceptance of renewable hydrogen production technologies. Project results are expected to contribute to all of the following objectives...
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ExpectedOutcome:In order to ramp up renewable hydrogen production in the future, a suitable portfolio of diverse technologies is needed to serve the expected growing demand for different applications and markets. Since hydrogen technologies will be deployed on a broad range of markets and scales, abundant and cheap renewable energy resources need to be used. Solar energy has by far the highest potential of all options. In this context, solar thermochemical cycles may contribute to complement the electrochemical solar hydrogen production. Proposals under this topic aim to bring thermochemical cycles to the next stage of maturity.
Project results are expected to contribute to all of the following expected outcomes:
Diversify the portfolio of technologies for the generation of renewable hydrogen;Mitigate mid-to-long term risks of renewable hydrogen availability shortage through diversifying the technology options;Enable solar thermochemical cycles as a viable and competitive hydrogen production technology;Foster awareness and acceptance of renewable hydrogen production technologies. Project results are expected to contribute to all of the following objectives of the Clean Hydrogen JU SRIA:
Reaching solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiencies higher than 10% (daily average based on higher heating value (HHV) and direct normal irradiance (DNI);Ensuring hydrogen production cost < 5 €/kg for a scaled plant in multi-MW size;Improving the efficiency of processes: average hydrogen production rates higher than 0.75 kg/year per m2 land area used (equivalent of 2.16 kg/day/m2 (receiver area) for a solar concentration factor of about 1,000);Reducing CAPEX and OPEX: System capital cost in k€/kg/day (15.19 by 2024 and 7.41 by 2030); System operational cost in €/kg (0.59 by 2024 and 0.30 by 2030); Provide a technology with robust materials and all components scalable to multi-MW-scale.
Scope:Thermochemical cycles can directly convert heat into chemical energy by a series of chemical reactions. The direct application of solar heat in water-splitting thermochemical cycles for renewable hydrogen production allows operating at relatively moderate to upper temperatures, reducing electricity consumption and also reducing production cost. Main technical challenges to be addressed are increasing the solar-to-hydrogen efficiency through process intensification, especially through highly efficient internal heat transfer and recovery as well as the scalability of the reactor concept to achieve high energy conversion efficiencies and high throughput. Two stages of development are foreseen for thermochemical cycles and for achievement of the indicated targets and KPIs.
The most promising and advanced solar thermal and hybrid water-splitting processes are those based on metal oxide cycles or on sulphur cycles (thermal and hybrid ones), where prototypes of core components and core production chain elements have been developed and tested at solar towers. Those cycles are attractive since they involve only few chemical steps with low complexity, leading to high reversibility and potentially high cycle efficiency.
One of the central measures to reach intermediate targets in terms of efficiency and cost is the improvement of heat management. It is necessary to recover and reuse a significant portion of the high temperature heat in order to increase the process efficiencies thus making the systems more attractive for commercial use. Several approaches for such heat recovery systems are currently under consideration and development. Proposals should demonstrate how they intend to address this.
Proposals should also address the heat recuperation from solid and gas phase by enhancing heat and mass transfer especially in the reactor using suitably structured porous materials and also in other units of the process via the usage of suitable heat transfer media such as gases or particles.
Proposals should demonstrate on-sun operation of a prototype plant system (including key components) in a relevant environment (typically between 50 and 300 kW) for at least 6 months operation time (net operation time; only day time operation) reaching average hydrogen production rates higher than 0.75 kg/year per m2 land area used (equivalent of 2.16 kg/day/m2 (receiver area) for a solar concentration factor of about 1,000).
Proposals should develop smart operation and control strategies as well as pathways to scale the technology to the multi-MW scale using modelling and simulation of the plant and key components.
To tackle the above, proposals should consider the following:
improvement of heat management via efficient heat recovery systems;improvement of coupling the process to a concentrating solar energy source (“solar interface”);shaping the solar field towards the needs of a chemical process;wherever possible, the coupling to heat storage;integration of smart control procedures as a central measure to incorporate aspects on digitalisation of the energy system;explore suitable options for decreasing the production cost through hybrid renewable supply;develop suitable 3-dimensional structuring of key materials, like redox materials, to achieve high production rates and high reactor efficiencies through optimal heat and mass transfer in the reactor;ensure stability and performance of key components and related properties of their constituent functional materials;consider the circular economy aspects such as the recycling/regeneration of the materials and low content of Critical Raw Materials;optimised fluids handling, including the minimisation of inert gas consumption, the efficiency of gas separation operations, and auxiliary power needs;describe and validate upscaling strategies of the process and all major components. Proposals are encouraged to seek collaboration with the existing or upcoming projects of the European Innovation Council (EIC) Pathfinder Challenge on novel routes to green hydrogen production[1]. In particular, applicants should consider building on the breakthrough technologies and advance thermochemical processes developed in these projects.
Proposals are expected to address sustainability and circularity aspects.
Activities are expected to start at TRL 4 and achieve TRL 6 by the end of the project.
The conditions related to this topic are provided in the chapter 2.2.3.2 of the Clean Hydrogen JU 2022 Annual Work Plan and in the General Annexes to the Horizon Europe Work Programme 2021–2022 which apply mutatis mutandis.
[1]https://eic.ec.europa.eu/eic-funding-opportunities/calls-proposals/eic-pathfinder-challenge-novel-routes-green-hydrogen_en
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