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New constraints on the Amazonian carbon balance from airborne observations of th...

New constraints on the Amazonian carbon balance from airborne observations of the stable isotopes of CO2 Severe droughts in Amazonia in 2005 and 2010 caused widespread loss of carbon from the terrestrial biosphere. This loss, almost twice the annual fossil fuel CO2 emissions in the EU, suggests a large sensitivity of the Amazonian ca... ver más

28/02/2021

2M€

Presupuesto del proyecto: 2M€

Líder del proyecto

WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY No se ha especificado una descripción o un objeto social para esta compañía.

TRL 4-5

Ver 7 Participantes

Financiación concedida El organismo H2020 notifico la concesión del proyecto el día 2021-02-28

Línea de financiación objetivo El proyecto se financió a través de la siguiente ayuda:

ERC-CoG-2014: ERC Consolidator Grant

I+D

Cerrada hace 10 años

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7 Participantes

827.98K€ | Lider

NAIPES HERACLIO FOURNIER

191.37K€ | Participante

UNIVLEEDS

68.74K€ | Participante

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Duración del proyecto: 67 meses Fecha Inicio: 2015-07-13
Fecha Fin: 2021-02-28

Líder del proyecto

WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY

TRL 4-5

Presupuesto del proyecto 2M€

Descripción del proyecto Severe droughts in Amazonia in 2005 and 2010 caused widespread loss of carbon from the terrestrial biosphere. This loss, almost twice the annual fossil fuel CO2 emissions in the EU, suggests a large sensitivity of the Amazonian carbon balance to a predicted more intense drought regime in the next decades. This is a dangerous inference though, as there is no scientific consensus on the most basic metrics of Amazonian carbon exchange: the gross primary production (GPP) and its response to moisture deficits in the soil and atmosphere. Measuring them on scales that span the whole Amazon forest was thus far impossible, but in this project I aim to deliver the first observation-based estimate of pan-Amazonian GPP and its drought induced variations. My program builds on two recent breakthroughs in our use of stable isotopes (13C, 17O, 18O) in atmospheric CO2: (1) Our discovery that observed δ¹³C in CO2 in the atmosphere is a quantitative measure for vegetation water-use efficiency over millions of square kilometers, integrating the drought response of individual plants. (2) The possibility to precisely measure the relative ratios of 18O/16O and 17O/16O in CO2, called Δ17O. Anomalous Δ17O values are present in air coming down from the stratosphere, but this anomaly is removed upon contact of CO2 with leaf water inside plant stomata. Hence, observed Δ17O values depend directly on the magnitude of GPP. Both δ¹³C and Δ17O measurements are scarce over the Amazon-basin, and I propose more than 7000 new measurements leveraging an established aircraft monitoring program in Brazil. Quantitative interpretation of these observations will break new ground in our use of stable isotopes to understand climate variations, and is facilitated by our renowned numerical modeling system CarbonTracker. My program will answer two burning question in carbon cycle science today: (a) What is the magnitude of GPP in Amazonia? And (b) How does it vary over different intensities of drought?

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