THE DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF DARK MATTER (DM) WOULD HAVE PROFOUND IMPLICATIONS NOT ONLY FOR ASTROPHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY, BUT WOULD ALSO PROVIDE CRUCIAL HINTS ABOUT THEORIES OF PARTICLE PHYSICS BEYOND THE STANDARD MODEL (SM)....
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Descripción del proyecto
THE DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF DARK MATTER (DM) WOULD HAVE PROFOUND IMPLICATIONS NOT ONLY FOR ASTROPHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY, BUT WOULD ALSO PROVIDE CRUCIAL HINTS ABOUT THEORIES OF PARTICLE PHYSICS BEYOND THE STANDARD MODEL (SM). THERE ARE A RANGE OF EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAMS SEARCHING FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DM IN COLLIDERS AND FOR SIGNALS OF DM-SM INTERACTIONS IN LOW-BACKGROUND DETECTORS. HOWEVER, NO EVIDENCE FOR NEW DM PARTICLES HAS SO FAR BEEN FOUND. MEANWHILE, THE FIELD OF DM HAS DIVERSIFIED, WITH AN INCREASING FOCUS ON ASTROPHYSICAL SEARCHES FOR DM IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS. THE FIRST DIRECT DETECTION OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVES (GWS) IN 2015 OPENED UP A NEW WAY OF EXPLORING THE UNIVERSE AND WITH IT A NEW WAY OF SEARCHING FOR DM. THIS PROJECT WILL DEVELOP A COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAM FOR SEARCHING FOR THE INFLUENCE OF DM OVER-DENSITIES OR SPIKES AROUND BLACK HOLES (BHS) USING CURRENT AND FUTURE GW DATA. THIS STRATEGY OFFERS THE POSSIBILITY TO DETECT DM ALMOST INDEPENDENTLY OF ITS PARTICLE PHYSICS INTERACTIONS, IN CONTRAST TO TYPICAL EXPERIMENTAL SEARCHES. EVEN SO, IT MAY STILL BE POSSIBLE TO RECOVER INFORMATION ABOUT THE NATURE OF THE DM FROM A DETECTION OF A DM SPIKE. THIS PROJECT FOCUSES ON THE DEPHASING EFFECT THAT DM WOULD HAVE ON GWS EMITTED BY A COMPACT OBJECT BINARY. DEPENDING ON THE FORMATION MECHANISM AND EVOLUTION OF A BLACK HOLE (BH) IT MAY BE SURROUNDED BY A DENSE SPIKE OF PARTICLE DM. THE DM DENSITY AROUND SUCH DRESSED BHS CAN REACH DENSITIES MANY ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE LARGER THAN THE AMBIENT DENSITY IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM. THE PRESENCE OF THE SPIKE INFLUENCES THE DYNAMICS OF AN INSPIRALING SECONDARY COMPACT OBJECT. WE FOCUS ON INTERMEDIATE OR EXTREME MASS RATIO INSPIRALS (IMRI/EMRIS), IN WHICH THE SECONDARY OBJECT (A BLACK HOLE OR NEUTRON STAR) IS MUCH LIGHTER THAN THE CENTRAL BH. THE PURELY GRAVITATIONAL SCATTERING OF DM WITH THE SECONDARY INDUCES A DRAG FORCE KNOWN AS DYNAMICAL FRICTION, WHICH ALTERS THE RATE OF INSPIRAL OF THE SYSTEM AND AFFECTS THE EVOLUTION OF THE PHASE OF GWS EMITTED BY THE BINARY. THIS DEPHASING OF THE GW SIGNAL ACCUMULATES SLOWLY OVER A LARGE NUMBER OF ORBITS, BUT BASED ON PRELIMINARY ESTIMATES, IT SHOULD BE DETECTABLE BY EXISTING OR UPCOMING GW OBSERVATORIES. IT MAY ALSO BE POSSIBLE TO INFER THE DENSITY AND SHAPE OF THE DM SPIKE, WITH CONSEQUENCES FOR DIFFERENT MODELS OF DM.WHILE THIS SIGNATURE OFFERS AN EXCITING POSSIBILITY TO DETECT AND DETERMINE THE PROPERTIES OF PARTICLE DARK MATTER, CURRENT MODELING REMAINS TOO SIMPLISTIC. THE EXPECTED RATE OF IMRIS AND EMRIS EMBEDDED IN DM SPIKES IS NOT KNOWN; AND THE STUDY OF THEIR DYNAMICS IS LIMITED TO QUASI-CIRCULAR ORBITS IN THE NEWTONIAN LIMIT. THE INSPIRAL SIGNALS MAY BE WITHIN THE SENSITIVITY BAND OF DETECTORS FOR WEEKS, MONTHS OR YEARS, MEANING THE VERY ACCURATE WAVEFORM MODELS ARE REQUIRED. AS SUCH, NO RELIABLE SEARCH STRATEGY FOR THESE DEPHASED SIGNALS HAS YET BEEN DEVELOPED AND NO SEARCHES HAVE BEEN PERFORMED.KEY CONTRIBUTIONS OF THIS PROJECT WILL BE TO PERFORM THE FIRST CONCRETE ESTIMATES OF THE EXPECTED MERGER RATES OF SYSTEMS INFLUENCED BY DM; TO PRODUCE THE FIRST COMPREHENSIVE MODEL DESCRIBING THE DYNAMICS AND GRAVITATIONAL WAVE SIGNALS FROM SUCH SYSTEMS; AND TO DEVELOP A SEARCH STRATEGY TO FIND THESE SIGNALS. COMBINED, THESE CONTRIBUTIONS REPRESENT CRUCIAL STEPS TOWARDS A FIRST SEARCH, USING DATA FROM CURRENT AND FUTURE GW DETECTORS. DARK MATTER\PHENOMENOLOGY\WIMPS\DATA ANALYSIS\GRAVITATIONAL WAVES