Descripción del proyecto
THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH TOTAL QUALITY POME AND STONE FRUITS IS THE GENERAL AIM OF THIS PROPOSAL, WHICH INTEGRATES 5 FULL-TIME PH,D, AND 8,5 EDP IN ORDER TO ADDRESS DIFFERENT TOPICS FROM BASIC RESEARCH TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RESULTS IN THE ORCHARDS, THE PROJECT FOCUSES ON THE KEY PESTS OF APPLES (CYDIA POMONELLA (L,)), PEARS (CACOPSYLLA PYRI (L,)), AND PEACHES AND NECTARINES (CERATITIS CAPITATA (WIEDEMANN) AND GRAPHOLITA MOLESTA (BUSK)), AS THEY STILL ACCOUNT FOR MOST OF THE INSECTICIDE TREATMENTS APPLIED ON THESE CROPS, AT THE END, THE IPM PROGRAM WILL PERMIT A BETTER AND SMALLER USE OF PESTICIDES, IN AGREEMENT WITH THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION STRATEGY ON THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF PESTICIDES, AND AN INCREASED HUMAN HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY OF THE PRODUCED FRUITS, THE OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSAL ARE:1, TO OBTAIN A GOOD KNOWLEDGE OF THE BIOLOGY OF THE EARWIGS, THEIR DIETARY REQUIREMENTS AND HABITAT NEEDS, AS A NECESSARY PREREQUISITE TO DESIGN ECOLOGICAL INFRASTRUCTURES THAT WILL ENHANCE THEIR ROLE IN THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INDIRECT PESTS IN POME FRUIT ORCHARDS,2, TO PREDICT, IN A WEEKLY BASIS, THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT CATCHES OF LEPIDOPTEROUS AND DIPTEROUS PESTS AT AN AREA-WIDE SCALE, AS A FURTHER TOOL FOR THE PEST CONTROL ADVISORS,3, TO UNDERSTAND AND IMPLEMENT, FROM BRAIN TO FIELD, THE OLFACTORY SYNERGISM OF PHEROMONE AND PLANT VOLATILES IN G, MOLESTA, BY CHARACTERIZING THE NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIOURAL PARAMETERS THAT UNDERLINE THIS SYNERGISM, AND BY DEVELOPING LURES FOR ADULT MONITORING UNDER MATING DISRUPTION CONDITIONS,4, TO DEEPEN OUR KNOWLEDGE ON SPECIFIC BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF LOCAL POPULATIONS OF C, CAPITATA, AND TO DEVELOP BAIT STATIONS FOR THEIR CONTROL,5, TO KNOW THE FREQUENCY AND MECHANISMS OF INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE OF C, POMONELLA AND C, PYRI IN THE POME PRODUCTION GROWING AREA IN ORDER TO PREVENT OR REVERSE THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANCE,6, TO SYNTHESIZE AND EVALUATE THE ACTIVITY OF COMPOUNDS HAVING A CHEMICAL STRUCTURE BASED ON THE INTERMEDIATES OF THE SYNTHESIS OF ALLYL ESTERS OF SOME VERSATIC ACIDS AGAINST DIFFERENT LEPIDOPTERA SPECIESSOME RESULTS HAVE POTENTIAL APPLICATION, SUCH AS THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE PLANTS THAT MAY BE USED TO CONSTRUCT THE ECOLOGICAL INFRASTRUCTURES IN POME AND STONE-FRUIT ORCHARDS, THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW LURES FOR MONITORING G, MOLESTA IN MATING DISRUPTION AND CONVENTIONAL ORCHARDS, THE ADAPTATION OF MONITORING AND FORECASTING MODELS OF C, CAPITATA TO LOCAL CONDITIONS, THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROTOCOLS FOR THE USE THE BAIT STATIONS FOR THE CONTROL OF THE MEDFLY, THE GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF INSECT RESISTANCE IN C, POMONELLA AND C, PYRI, AND NEW CHEMISTRIES FOR INSECTICIDES, THE PARTICIPATION OF 11 EPOS, THAT INCLUDE INTERNATIONAL BODIES (INRA, FRANCE), THE PUBLIC SECTOR (THE GENERALITAT OF CATALUNYA TRANSFERENCE SERVICE), THE INDUSTRY, AND THE GROWERS ASSOCIATIONS, WILL FACILITATE THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROJECT AND THE TRANSFERENCE OF THE RESULTS,